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Mulberry Extract for Melasma

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Researchers tested mulberry extract oil, a whitening agent with antioxidant properties, for safety and efficacy as a treatment for melasma, an aesthetically undesirable skin condition that remains difficult to treat (J Drugs Dermatol. 2011;10(9):1025-1031). A total of 50 patients were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: 25 treated with 75-percent mulberry extract oil and 25 treated with placebo. All patients had a negative repeat open application test (ROAT) to both mulberry extract and placebo. Patients were followed up regularly at four-week intervals for a total of eight weeks. The severity of the melasma was assessed using the melasma area and severity score (MASI), Mexameter reading, melasma quality of life score (MelasQOL) and any adverse events noted.

The mean MASI score significantly improved from 4.076 (plus minus 0.24) at baseline to 2.884 (plus minus 0.25) at week eight for the 75-percent mulberry extract oil group, while the placebo group showed an improvement of a lesser magnitude. Mexameter readings for the mulberry group showed a significant drop from 355.56 (plus minus 59.51) at baseline to 312.52 (plus minus 57.03) at week eight compared to the placebo group, whose Mexameter readings deteriorated from 368.24 (plus minus 46.62) at baseline to 372.12 (plus minus 44.47) at week eight. The MelasQOL score also improved tremendously for the 75-percent mulberry extract oil group, falling from 58.84 (SD: plus minus 3.18) at baseline to 44.16 (SD: plus minus 4.29) at week eight, unlike the placebo group that showed a less dramatic improvement from 57.44 (SD: plus minus 4.66) at baseline to 54.28 (SD: plus minus 4.79) at week eight. With regards to the adverse events, only mild itching was reported in four patients from the 75-percent mulberry extract oil group, while there were 12 cases of either itching or erythema reported from the placebo group.

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